Looking at the election manifestos from broader perspective, one can define two basic cleavages in national identity related issues – the EU, and the perception of populism. However, the election campaign discourse was shaped by different issues that are not reflected in the manifestos. In order to analyse this process properly, Czech national issues must also be analysed. Although the EU was discussed as an issue that divides the parties a lot, none of the mainstream parties (except Hnutí úsvit) strictly oppose the integration process.